Umbilical and epigastric hernias are usually small and easily repaired, although may be more complex when large. Repair of these hernias requires returning the contents of the hernia (bowel or fat) to the abdominal cavity. The hole in the abdominal wall is repaired with sutures. Unless the hernia is very tiny, a mesh is used to cover the repaired defect. This mesh is important as it provides reinforcement to the repair reducing the chance of the repair failing.

Depending on the size of the hernia and your abdominal contour, the hernia may be best repaired by either a laparoscopic or an open approach. The best approach for your hernia will be discussed with you at your consultation.

Complications of umbilical and epigastric hernia repair include

• Bleeding
• Wound infection and breakdown

Serious complications are rare. These include

• Mesh infection
• Bowel injury
• Adhesions of bowel to mesh leading to bowel erosion or obstruction

All hernias can recur even with a good repair and if you do all the right things after surgery. For small umbilical and epigastric hernias, recurrence rates are low. The risk of recurrence can be reduced by:

• Losing weight if you are overweight
• Avoiding very heavy lifting
• Avoiding straining with bowel or bladder movements (treating constipation and symptomatic prostate enlargement)

Umbilical and epigastric hernia repairs are usually performed as a day case or require a single overnight stay only. For larger complex hernias a longer stay may be required. Recovery is usually quite rapid for small hernias. Even if you are feeling great it is important to follow your postoperative instructions, particularly limits to lifting, as the repair needs time to develop strength.